Slow onset processes have been increasingly linked to human mobility in the global policy space. Yet, land and forest degradation and desertification (LFDD) as a driver of human displacement and its implications for long-term development policy have received less attention. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating to what extent the topic has been integrated into the national climate and desertification policy frameworks of countries in Latin American and the Caribbean – a region threatened by significant LFDD. The analysis builds upon a review of published literature and policy documents. The findings suggest that national policies insufficiently address the complex nature of the human mobility – LFDD nexus mostly through sustainable land management and livelihood approaches.
Slow onset processes have been increasingly linked to human mobility in the global policy space. Yet, land and forest degradation and desertification (LFDD) as a driver of human displacement and its implications for long-term development policy have received less attention. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating to what extent the topic has been integrated into the national climate and desertification policy frameworks of countries in Latin American and the Caribbean – a region threatened by significant LFDD. The analysis builds upon a review of published literature and policy documents. The findings suggest that national policies insufficiently address the complex nature of the human mobility – LFDD nexus mostly through sustainable land management and livelihood approaches.
Slow onset processes have been increasingly linked to human mobility in the global policy space. Yet, land and forest degradation and desertification (LFDD) as a driver of human displacement and its implications for long-term development policy have received less attention. This paper aims to fill this gap by investigating to what extent the topic has been integrated into the national climate and desertification policy frameworks of countries in Latin American and the Caribbean – a region threatened by significant LFDD. The analysis builds upon a review of published literature and policy documents. The findings suggest that national policies insufficiently address the complex nature of the human mobility – LFDD nexus mostly through sustainable land management and livelihood approaches.
The OSCE Programme Office in Dushanbe concluded two rounds of three-day train-the-trainers courses on ‘Interactive methods of teaching adults on gender and domestic violence-related issues’ which were conducted from 7 to 12 June 2021 in Dushanbe. Some 40 representatives from Women’s Resource Centres and Tajikistan’s Committee on Women and Family Affairs from the Sughd, Khatlon, Rasht Valley regions, and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region participated in the courses.
Participants learned about best practices for teaching adults on types of domestic violence and its prevention, the use of referral mechanisms within the community, gender roles and gender inequality as a factor in the emergence of domestic violence. National and international legislative frameworks and policies related to domestic violence were also part of the training courses. Participants also acquired public speaking and presentation skills and practiced applying these skills in hands-on exercises and role-plays.
“I learnt new facilitation methods of role plays in teaching from the course. We also reviewed 17 Sustainable Development Goals and analysis of problem using “problem tree” method. I will use my gained knowledge and skills during outreach campaigns with community members,” said Aynidin Rahmonov, Facilitator of the Women’s Resource Centre “Markazi Dastgirii Garm”.
“The training is very relevant to my work on the Committee. We will use the knowledge and skills obtained in this training while working with vulnerable families. I believe it will help empower women so that they could defend themselves and feel that they are not alone, that there are services that can help them,” noted Hamzira Zamonova, Head of the Committee on Women and Family Affairs in the Panjakent district.
The OSCE Programme Office in Dushanbe continues to support the Government of Tajikistan in implementing the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence. The Office provides comprehensive support to victims of domestic violence in the regions through a network of 14 OSCE-established Women’s Resource Centers in Tajikistan.
The training course is being implemented within the Women’s Resource Centers’ project of the OSCE Programme Office in Dushanbe funded by Norway, the United States, Finland, the European Union and Andorra.
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Le Chef d'un quartier du 3è arrondissement de Parakou et son conseiller ont été violentés par deux jeunes parce que l'élu local les auraient empêché de prélever du sable sur son territoire.
Deux jeunes âgés respectivement de 22 et 23 ans dont l'un est diplômé en aménagement du territoire et l'autre, conducteur d'engin lourd ont eu une vive altercation avec le chef quartier de Dokparou dans le 3è arrondissement de Parakou. Selon les faits rapportés par Frissons radio, la dispute a éclaté parce que les jeunes, désœuvrés, estiment qu'on ne devrait pas les empêcher de prélever du sable. L'un des jeunes donne un coup de tête à l'élu local qui perd deux (02) dents. Un conseiller venu à la rescousse de l'élu a été également pris à partie.
L'affaire est portée à la police.
M. M.
Shafi Bhuiyan. Credit : ITMDs file photo
By Shafi Bhuiyan
TORONTO, Canada, Jun 15 2021 (IPS)
In Canada, we are fortunate to have many talented newcomers eager to contribute to the country, including thousands of doctors from Africa, Asia and the Middle East who meet Canadian standards but are blocked from becoming practicing physicians. These doctors are Canadian citizens and permanent residents with recognized training and experience.
Internationally Trained Medical Doctors (ITMDs), also known as International Medical Graduates (IMGs) are individuals who obtain their medical license outside of Canada. ITMDs face significant barriers to obtaining a medical license to practice in Canada (Wong & Lohfeld, 2008). Residencies must be completed to obtain a medical license in Canada, yet there are few residency positions available to ITMDs compared to those trained in Canada.
In 2011, over 1,800 International Medical Graduates competed for only 191 residency spots that were set aside for ITMD (Thomson & Cohl, 2011). After decades of employment experiences, still thousands of ITMDs must seek other employment opportunities. However, many are unable to find employment commensurate with their training, and some are unable to find employment at all (Environics Research Group, 2014).
If now isn’t the time for Ontario to make better use of the trained doctors who are already here, when will it ever be?
To practice medicine in Canada, ITMDs must have an approved medical degree and pass merit based qualifying exams, i.e. Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Exam 1 (MCCQE1), The National Assessment Collaboration Examination Objective Structured Clinical Examination (NAC OSCE), Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Exam 2 (MCCQE2). A large number of ITMDs have already met these requirements and are keen to serve Canadians who need access to healthcare.
During the pandemic, many of these doctors worked tirelessly to help Canadians stay healthy, even on a volunteer basis. Numerous graduates of Ryerson University’s unique ITMD Bridging Program, which helps internationally trained medical doctors transition into careers in the non-licensed health sector,have been hired to help with Ontario’s COVID-19 response.
A rapid survey of ITMD program alumni from recent cohorts (2019- 2021) was conducted by [Bhuiyan, Orin and Krivova, 2021] with the purpose of identifying their current status regarding licensure preparations to practice medicine in Canada. We targeted 100 alumni out of 277 through an online survey using SurveyMonkey, and we received 97 responses.
The rapid survey illustrated that 35% of these ITMDs have already completed the MCCQE1 and NAC OSCE. Despite being eligible to join residency programs, the wait time for residency opportunities is 4- 10 years. The remaining 65% of surveyed participants/ITMDs have not completed the medical licence qualifying exams; 44% of respondents are still considering this option, but are unsure.
Of those [35%] who have already passed the exams, many are still waiting on opportunities to complete residencies, while others are losing hope and interest in a future in clinical practice. Immigrant internationally trained doctors in Canada want and deserve equal opportunities to practise medicine.
There is an acute shortage of family doctors in Ontario’s rural and northern areas. Before the pandemic, Ontario needed thousands of new doctors within the next few years to keep up with those who are retiring and the increased needs of an aging population. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated this issue and increased the need for doctors. Offering internationally trained immigrant professionals a clear path to use their medical experience and qualifications will positively impact the ITMDs as well as their surrounding communities.
ITMDs are skilled health professionals who immigrated with the potential of contributing to the Canadian healthcare system. Canadian demographic pattern is continually changing, which makes it vital to keep up with the diverse cultural needs andaddress inequity in Canadian healthcare system. Canadian long-term care facilities, ageing population, indigenous community, immigrants and migrant workers, and rural health care facilities, are now under pressure in these changing times.
Statistics show that Canada is at the lower end of OECD countries with average doctors per capita being 2.8/1,000 people where OECD countries have 3.5/1,000. It is imperative that we have more physicians in Canada.
To ensure a win-win situation in post-pandemic health care setting in Canada, let’s work together [academics, policy makers and civil society] to help support new immigrant health professionals and local community to ensure that no one will be left behind.
The author, Dr. Shafi Bhuiyan PhD is Asst. Professor, University of Toronto’s Institute for Pandemics and co-creator of the pilot MScCH Program at the DLSPH, University of Toronto; co-founder of ITMDs Post Graduate Bridge Training Program at the Chang School and Adjunct Professor at the Faculty of Community Services, Ryerson University; Board Chair, Canadian Coalition for Global Health Research
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L'Arabie saoudite interdit cette année le pèlerinage à la Mecque aux étrangers. Par communiqué en date du lundi 14 juin 2021, le gouvernement de Patrice Talon prend acte de cette décision.
Président du Comité d'Orientation et de Supervision du Hadj, le ministre des Affaires Étrangères et de la Coopération Aurelien Agbénonci informe les fidèles musulmans que pour des raisons de sécurité et de préservation de la santé des pèlerins à causes de la pandémie du Covid-19, les autorités saoudiennes ont décidé de limiter la participation au Hadj 2021. Seuls 60.000 Saoudiens y compris les résidants étrangers en Arabie saoudite seront autorisés à effectuer le Hadj.
Prenant acte de la décision, le gouvernement béninois exhorte les fidèles musulmans à s'y conformer. Le gouvernement rassure également la communauté musulmane de l'intérêt qu'il porte à l'accomplissement de ce cinquième pilier de l'islam.
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