Agrégateur de flux

INFOGRAPHIES - Jordan Bardella a réussi à conserver la tête, mais d’autres, comme Édouard Philippe ou Xavier Bertrand, ont du mal à se maintenir.

The U.S. Navy is acquiring and undisclosed number of BriteCloud Active Expendable Decoys specifically for the F-35 Lightning II. The Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) has awarded Leonardo UK a contract to supply the U.S. Navy with an undisclosed number of BriteCloud decoys, designated by the military as AN/ALQ-260(V) Anti-Missile Countermeasure. The development follows report […]

Notable episodes of FP’s economics podcast from the past year.

For better and worse, 2025 was a historical year.

The draft defense budget sets a new spending record for the 12th straight year amid mounting regional threats and U.S. alliance pressure.

Taking a European perspective on this issue is important to ensure a level playing field for platforms, a spokesperson said

Europe must take charge of Ukraine’s security instead of leaving it to Donald Trump and US forces, he said

The world views of China and the U.S. have come into closer alignment in our current era. They go about the enactment of their policies in significantly different ways.

DÉCRYPTAGE - Après l’adoption de la «loi spéciale», les socialistes poursuivent les négociations avec l’exécutif en vue de la reprise des débats budgétaires en janvier.

The decision will tighten manure-spreading limits across the country

The supposed third J-36 prototype emerged exactly a year after the first one was spotted in December 2024. Chinese military aviation observers observed what they believe to be a third prototype of the J-36 next-generation aircraft, after photos and videos of it flying overhead emerged on the afternoon of Dec. 25, 2025. They have also […]

High-altitude wind power was an engineer's dream

His remarks come as European allies await Washington’s upcoming Global Posture Review, expected to shift resources away from Europe

Le Maroc a passé plus d'une décennie à remodeler son football, mais l'organisation de la CAN 2025 permettra-t-elle au pays de mettre fin à 50 ans d'attente pour remporter le trophée ?

Az atlanti partok nagy múltú francia kikötőiről olvasva az ember hatalmas kikötővárosokat képzel el, és aztán meglepődik amikor kiderül, némelyik még magyar viszonylatban is csak kisváros minősítést kapna. Ilyen például Cherbourg, melynek hatalmas kikötője Napóleon egyik nagy presztízsberuházása volt, bár a négy kilométer hosszú hullámtörő gátak építését igazából már a forradalom előtti időkben elkezdték, és aztán majd csak XIX. század végén fejezték be. A kikötő, mely eredetileg Napóleon angliai inváziójának fő támaszpontja lett volna, a XIX. század második felében az Amerikába irányuló személyszállítás – vagyis a kivándorlás – egyik legforgalmasabb kiindulópontja volt, ez volt a Titanic utolsó kikötője is, mielőtt az elindult volna New York felé. Az első világháború alatt a város az országba érkező angol, majd az amerikai expedíciós csapatok egyik legfontosabb kikötője volt, majd a két háború között ismét a személyforgalom központja. A második világháborúban, a németektől való visszafoglalása után, az Európában harcoló amerikai csapatok utánpótlásának központja, a kikötő forgalma ezekben a hónapokban kétszer akkora volt, mint New York kikötőjének.

[...] Bővebben!

By CIVICUS
Dec 26 2025 (IPS)

 
CIVICUS discusses Generation Z-led protests in Bulgaria with Zahari Iankov, senior legal expert at the Bulgarian Centre for Not-for-Profit Law, a civil society organisation that advocates for participation and human rights.

Zahari Iankov

Bulgaria recently experienced its largest protests since the 1990s, driven largely by young people frustrated with corruption and institutional decay. What began as opposition to budget measures quickly escalated into broader demands for systemic change. The prime minister’s resignation has triggered Bulgaria’s seventh election since 2021, but whether this cycle of repeated elections will finally address fundamental questions about institutional integrity, informal power structures and the enduring influence of the oligarchy remains to be seen.

What sparked recent protests?

Bulgaria has been in a prolonged political crisis since 2020, when mass protests first erupted against corruption and state capture. Although they didn’t immediately lead to a resignation, these protests marked the beginning of a cycle of repeated elections and unstable governments. Since 2021, Bulgaria has held several parliamentary elections, and no political settlement has lasted.

The latest protests, which erupted on 1 December, have probably been the largest since the early 1990s, during Bulgaria’s transition from communism to democracy. They were initially sparked by a controversial 2026 budget that raised taxes to fund public sector wages, but while economic concerns played a role, the protests were primarily centres on values. People reacted to the fact that democratic rules were being openly disregarded and governance was increasingly being shaped by informal powers and personal interests.

Several incidents reinforced the perception that institutions were being systematically undermined. One symbolic moment was the treatment of student representatives during parliamentary debates about education, including proposals for mandatory religious education. Members of parliament publicly shamed student council representatives, which many people saw as emblematic of a broader contempt for citizen participation and government accountability.

Other cases reinforced this perception: environmental laws were weakened without debate, key oversight bodies were left inactive for over a year and proposals that threatened freedom of expression were introduced, and only withdrawn following public backlash. Together, these incidents created a sense that institutions were being hollowed out.

The budget acted as a trigger, but public anger had been building for months. Throughout the government’s short mandate, there was a clear pattern of sidelining public participation and bypassing parliamentary procedures. Laws were rushed through committees in seconds, major reforms were proposed without consultation and controversial decisions were taken at moments designed to avoid opposition.

What made these protests different from previous ones?

One striking difference was the speed and scale of the mobilisation. What began as a protest linked to budget concerns quickly turned into huge demonstrations involving tens of thousands of people. Estimates suggest that between 100,000 and 150,000 people gathered in Sofia, the capital, during the largest protest. For such a small country, this was impressive. Also unlike previous mobilisations, these protests spread well beyond Sofia to many cities across the country, something unusual for Bulgaria’s highly centralised political system.

Another important difference was the strong presence of young people, which led to the protests being described as Gen Z protests. While young people also played a role in big protest movements in 2013 and 2020, this time the generational identity was much more visible and explicitly embraced. Young people were central as communicators as well as participants. Social media campaigns, humour and memes played a significant role in spreading information and mobilising support.

Additionally, these protests were not driven by a single political party. Although one party provided logistical support in Sofia, the extent of participation and the geographic spread made clear this was a broad social mobilisation, not a partisan campaign.

What role did organised civil society groups play in sustaining the protests?

There were a couple of civil society groups that were involved in the organisation of protests, but organised civil society’s main role was not in mobilising but in providing crucial long-term support. For years, civil society groups and investigative journalists have documented corruption, challenged harmful laws and mobilised public awareness around environmental and rule-of-law issues.

As traditional media came under increasing control, civil society helped fill the gap by exposing abuses and explaining complex issues in accessible ways. This helped counter the narrative that ‘nothing ever changes’ and empowered people to believe protest could make a difference.

At the same time, attempts by politicians to discredit or intimidate civil society organisations, including proposals resembling laws to stigmatise civil society as foreign agent, underscored how influential civil society has become.

Who are the figures at the centre of public anger, and what do they represent?

The two key figures are Boyko Borissov and Delyan Peevski, who represent two different but deeply entrenched forms of political power. A former mayor of Sofia and prime minister who has dominated Bulgarian politics for over a decade, Borissov retains a loyal voter base despite major scandals, and has repeatedly returned to power through elections. He built his image on strongman rhetoric and visible policing actions.

Peevski is a different figure. Sanctioned under the Magnitsky Act — a US law targeting people involved in corruption and human rights abuses — he has never enjoyed broad public support but wields enormous informal influence. Despite leading a political party, he operates largely behind the scenes. Over the years, he has been linked to deep penetration of the judiciary, influence over regulatory bodies and media control. His role in governance has become increasingly visible despite his party not formally being part of the ruling coalition.

Together, these two figures embody what protesters see as the fundamental problem: a ‘mafia-style’ system of governance, where access, decision-making and protection depend on proximity to powerful individuals rather than transparent institutional processes.

Does the government’s resignation address the underlying problems?

This was a political response, but it does not resolve the structural issues that triggered the protests. Bulgaria’s institutions remain weak, key oversight bodies continue operating with expired mandates and the judiciary continues to face serious credibility problems.

What happens next will depend largely on voter participation and political renewal. Turnout in recent elections has fallen below 40 per cent, undermining any legitimacy claims and making vote-buying and clientelism easier. Mass turnout would significantly reduce the influence of these practices and could be our only hope for real change.

However, lasting change will require action to restore institutional independence, reform the judiciary and ensure regulatory bodies function properly. Otherwise, any new government risks being undermined by the same informal power structures that brought people out onto the streets.

GET IN TOUCH
Website
Facebook
Instagram
LinkedIn
Zahari Iankov/LinkedIn

SEE ALSO
Anti-euro protests continue; arrest of Varna mayor sparks protests CIVICUS Monitor 28.Jul.2025
Unprecedented protests in Bulgaria’s public media CIVICUS Monitor 27.May.2025
Bulgaria: stuck in a loop? CIVICUS Lens 24.Oct.2022

 

Follow @IPSNewsUNBureau
!function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],p=/^http:/.test(d.location)?'http':'https';if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=p+'://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js';fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document, 'script', 'twitter-wjs');  

Cinq nouveaux membres, sur un total de onze, ont été élus au sein du Conseil des hauts procureurs de Serbie, mais de nombreux recours ont été déposés, y compris par le président Vučić, signe de l'intense lutte de pouvoir au sein de cet organisme judiciaire.

- Le fil de l'Info / Courrier des Balkans, Vucic, Défense, police et justice, Serbie, Politique

Le président américain a déclaré que plusieurs cibles de l'État islamique, groupe qu'il accuse d'avoir assassiné des chrétiens, avaient été attaquées jeudi.

Un baromètre annuel dévoilé vendredi par Ouest-France indique que le président américain Donald Trump est la personnalité dont les médias ont le plus parlé en France en 2025. Le locataire de la Maison Blanche devance ainsi le président français en exercice, pour la première fois de l'histoire de ce baromètre.

The plan would freeze the front line and drop any demand that Kyiv renounce NATO membership