Saad Abdulla Al-Hitmi, Director of the Climate Change Department at the Government of Qatar. Credit: Umar Manzoor Shah/IPS
By Umar Manzoor Shah
BAKU, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
As global leaders gather at COP29 to address the urgent challenges posed by climate change, Saad Abdulla Al-Hitmi, Director of the Climate Change Department at the Government of Qatar, highlighted the nation’s ambitious goals in an interview with IPS, stressing its commitment to balancing environmental stewardship with economic growth.
Qatar’s Vision for Climate Action
Qatar’s participation at COP29, Al-Hitmi says, aligns with its National Vision 2030 and the National Environment and Climate Change Strategy 2021.
“Our message is clear: we aim to contribute to meaningful changes that reduce the impact of climate change while preserving the environment and its resources,” Al-Hitmi stated. This, according to him, is Qatar’s commitment to sustainability, focusing on achieving its nationally determined contributions (NDCs) by 2030 to protect and enhance environmental quality.
Key among Qatar’s goals, he says, is a 25 percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 compared to 2019 levels.
“We are implementing practical solutions and proven technological applications across all sectors to achieve this target,” Al-Hitmi said.
Adapting and Financing for the Future
According to Al-Hitmi, adaptation financing must complement mitigation efforts to ensure vulnerable countries can effectively address the impacts of climate change.
“We are working to balance adaptation and mitigation financing during climate negotiations,” he said. “Adaptation is vital for developing countries, and we are negotiating to secure gains that will fund critical adaptation projects.”
‘A Leading Voice in Climate Diplomacy’
Al-Hitmi said that by leveraging cutting-edge technology and championing equitable financing mechanisms, the nation seeks to inspire collective action on the global stage.
“Our participation at COP29 is about collaboration,” Al-Hitmi said. “It’s about ensuring that our shared planet is preserved for future generations.”
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By James A Michel
VICTORIA, Seychelles, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
Alongside climate finance, COP29 currently being held in Baku, Azerbaijan, was expected to serve as an important platform for nations to demonstrate their intention to submit stronger national climate commitments, strengthen adaptation efforts, and show tangible progress and action on previous pledges.
James A Michel
Halfway through the conference some key experts and leaders including UN Former Sec Gen and former Climate Chief , issued an open letter to the UN. —Stating that, “The United Nations’ COP climate talks are ‘no longer fit for purpose’ and need an urgent overhaul.”
The UN’s climate talks have made significant progress in recent years, despite the fact that unanimous agreement is needed among almost 200 countries to take action.
The Paris climate agreement, signed in 2015, to keep that rise under 1.5C this century.
But are we on track to achieve these stated goals to save life on the planet?
Definitely not !
It is not a lack of resources which is holding it back but a lack of commitment. WWF (early in 2020) predicted that three of the four targets for 2020 would not be achieved, and one (on MPAs) only partially so. In another critical study it is stated that a failure to achieve this is due to the fact that 70 per cent of all countries had not by then met a single one.
More worrying, though, is the conclusion that, for many countries the ocean is simply not a priority.
It is no coincidence that of all the 17 goals, SDG 14 attracts the least funding; the shortfall to enable targets to be met is estimated to be close to $150 billion.
Small island states are a case in point, all of which are totally dependent on the surrounding ocean but which are invariably without sufficient funding to invest in improvements. The unifying factor, though, is not geography but economic performance, which can be evident in large as well as small countries.
Hampered by such obstacles as trade barriers, debt distress, food insecurity, climate change and meagre resources, the world’s poorest countries lagged furthest behind in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals.*-
The basic contradiction, of course, is that getting to a state of sustainable development costs money – but if that is in short supply, how can everyone get there?
It follows from this that it is in the world’s interest to transfer funds from richer to poorer nations to make the changes that will benefit the world. Alas, the outcome of lengthy discussions and the various COPs have so far failed to offer any practical suggestions to achieve this. Words again, without action.
Therefore for now one has to go down the scale, to the level of individuals, communities and NGOs to find more promising ways to rescue the situation. The UN can be retained to add gravitas (given its record, an irony in itself) but the real energy for change will come from those who care most and are not shackled by endless rules and factional interests, and the financing of wars as a priority.
(The author served as the third President of Seychelles from 2004 to 2016).
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By Jomo Kwame Sundaram
KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
Western financial policies have been squeezing economies worldwide. After being urged to borrow commercial finance heavily, developing countries now struggle with contractionary Western monetary policies.
Central banks
‘Unconventional monetary measures’ in the West helped offset the world economic slowdown after the 2008 global financial crisis.
Jomo Kwame Sundaram
Higher interest rates have worsened contractions, debt distress, and inequalities due to cost-push inflation triggered by ‘geopolitical’ supply disruptions.Western central bank efforts have tried to check inflation by curbing demand and raising interest rates. Higher interest rates have worsened contractionary tendencies, exacerbating world stagnation.
Despite major supply-side disruptions and inappropriate policy responses since 2022, energy and food prices have not risen correspondingly. But interest rates have remained high, ostensibly to achieve the 2% inflation target.
Although it has no rigorous basis in either theory or experience, this 2% inflation target – arbitrarily set by the New Zealand Finance Minister in 1989 to realise his “2[%] by ’92” slogan – is still embraced by most rich nations’ monetary authorities!
For over three decades, ‘independent’ central banks have dogmatically pursued this monetary policy target. Once raised, Western central banks have not lowered interest rates, ostensibly because the inflation target has not been achieved.
Independent fiscal boards and other pressures for budgetary austerity in many countries have further reduced fiscal policy space, suppressing demand, investments, growth, jobs, and incomes in vicious cycles.
Debt crises
Before 2022, contractionary tendencies were mitigated by unconventional monetary policies. ‘Quantitative easing’ (QE) provided easy credit, leading to more financialization and indebtedness.
QE also made finance more readily available to the South until interest rates were increased in 2022. As interest rates rose, pressures for fiscal austerity mounted, ostensibly to improve public finances.
Policy space and options have declined, including efforts to undertake developmental and expansionary interventions. Less government spending capacity to act counter-cyclically has worsened economic stagnation.
Comparing the current situation with the 1980s is instructive. The eighties began with fiscal and debt crises, which caused Latin America to lose at least a decade of growth, while Africa was set back for almost a quarter century.
The situation is more dire now, as debt volumes are much higher, while government debt is increasingly from commercial sources. Debt resolution is also much more difficult due to the variety of creditors and loan conditions involved.
Different concerns
With full employment largely achieved with fiscal policy after the global financial crisis, US policymakers are less preoccupied with creating employment.
Meanwhile, the US’s ‘exorbitant privilege’ enables its Treasury to borrow from the rest of the world by selling bonds. Hence, the US Fed’s higher interest rates from 2022 have had contractionary effects worldwide.
As the European Central Bank (ECB) followed the Fed’s lead, concerted increases in Western interest rates attracted funds worldwide.
Western interest rates remained high until they turned around in August 2024. Developing countries have long paid huge premiums well above interest rates in the West.
However, higher interest rates due to US Fed and ECB policies caused funds to flow West, mainly fleeing low-income countries since 2022.
However, growth and job creation remain policy priorities worldwide, especially for governments in the Global South.
Protracted stagnation
Why has world stagnation been so protracted? Although urgently needed, multilateral cooperation is declining.
Meanwhile, international conflicts have been increasingly exacerbated by geopolitical considerations. Increased unilateral sanctions driven by geopolitics have also disrupted international economic relations.
Barack Obama’s ‘pivot to Asia’ started the new Cold War to isolate and surround China. National responses to the COVID-19 pandemic worsened supply-side disruptions.
Meanwhile, the weaponisation of economic policy against geopolitical enemies has been increasingly normalised, often contravening international treaties and agreements.
Such new forms of economic warfare include denying market access despite commitments made with the 1995 establishment of the World Trade Organization.
Trade liberalisation has been in reverse gear since rich nations’ protectionist responses to the 2008 global financial crisis. Globalisation’s promise that trade integration would ensure peace among economic partners was thus betrayed.
Since the first Trump presidency, geopolitical considerations have increasingly influenced foreign direct investments and international trade.
US and Japanese investors were urged to ‘reshore’ from China with limited success, but appeals to ‘friend-shore’ outside China have been more successful.
Property and contractual rights were long deemed almost sacred. However, geopolitically driven asset confiscations have spread quickly.
Financial warfare has also ended Russian access to SWIFT financial transaction facilities and the confiscation of Russian assets by NATO allies.
The Biden administration has extended such efforts by weaponizing US industrial policy to limit ‘enemy’ access to strategic technologies.
It forcibly relocated some Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation operations to the US, albeit with little success.
Canada’s protracted detention of 5G pioneer Huawei founder’s daughter – at US behest – highlighted the West’s growing technology war against China.
Unsurprisingly, inequalities – both intranational and international – continue to deepen. Two-thirds of overall income inequality is international, exacerbating the North-South divide.
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Dr. Amina Schartup, Marine Chemist, sharing insights on mercury pollution and its global impact at COP29, Ocean Pavilion, Baku, Azerbaijan. Credit: Aishwarya Bajpai/IPS
By Aishwarya Bajpai
BAKU, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
Mercury pollution from burning coal is contaminating our oceans and seafood, threatening global health.
Dr. Amina Schartup, a marine chemist at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, has spent nearly 20 years studying the mercury cycle. Her research sheds light on how this heavy metal, released through industrial activities like coal burning, affects ecosystems and people worldwide.
“Mercury is released into the environment through various industries, with coal burning being a major source,” she explains. The problem goes beyond carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, as mercury travels globally, settling in places as remote as the Arctic and high mountains.
When mercury reaches the oceans, it is transformed by microbes into methylmercury, a highly toxic form. “This form accumulates in seafood, especially in larger predatory fish like tuna and swordfish, which many humans consume,” Schartup says. This poses serious health risks, including developmental issues in children and cardiovascular problems in adults.
How Widespread Is Mercury Exposure?Fish consumption is the primary way mercury enters the human body. According to Schartup, “If 3 billion people rely on seafood, then 3 billion people are exposed to mercury through fish.”
The health impacts, however, are complex.
“Fish consumption is generally healthy, supporting brain development, but consuming too much fish with high mercury levels can offset those benefits,” she notes. This makes balancing seafood consumption tricky, especially for communities heavily dependent on it.
Mercury exposure is a chronic issue, with small amounts accumulating in the body over time. The toxic effects, especially on fetal development, can result in reduced IQ and other developmental problems.
Mercury and Climate Change: A Dangerous MixClimate change intensifies mercury’s impact on oceans and seafood. Schartup explains, “The mercury cycle is connected to the environment, so any changes—like rising temperatures or melting sea ice—will affect it.”
For instance, warming oceans change the behavior of fish and microbes. “Warmer waters can cause fish to eat more, which increases their mercury levels,” she says. Melting sea ice, which acts as a cap on the ocean, alters mercury exchange between the air and water. Freshwater inputs from melting glaciers or rivers also bring more mercury into the oceans.
These factors combine to make mercury levels in seafood even more unpredictable, creating additional challenges for public health.
Global Pollution, Local ConsequencesOne of the most alarming aspects of mercury pollution is its global reach. Once released into the atmosphere, mercury can travel thousands of miles before settling. “It can deposit in pristine areas like the Arctic, far from the emission sources,” Schartup explains.
Microbial activity in different environments determines where mercury is transformed into its toxic form. “It happens everywhere,” she says, emphasizing that no region is immune to this problem.
What Needs to Change?At COP29, Schartup is advocating for a broader understanding of how emissions impact the environment and human health. “Climate change isn’t just about CO2. Burning coal also releases mercury, which contaminates fish and affects the health of millions,” she says.
Reducing coal usage could address both carbon and mercury pollution.
“By solving the CO2 crisis, we can tackle mercury contamination as well. This isn’t just about climate; it’s about health too,” she stresses.
Schartup believes this issue should resonate with everyone, especially those who eat fish regularly. “Turning on the light switch is linked to mercury in the fish we eat. It’s all connected,” she explains.
Protecting Vulnerable CommunitiesSome populations are more affected than others, particularly those relying heavily on seafood. These communities face a double burden: the health risks from mercury and the challenges of adapting to climate change.
Schartup emphasizes the need for policies to protect these vulnerable groups. Reducing coal emissions and investing in cleaner energy sources could lessen mercury pollution and its far-reaching effects.
A Call to ActionMercury pollution is a hidden crisis, but its effects on human health and the environment are profound. Schartup’s research underscores the urgency of addressing this issue as part of global climate action.
“We have a chance to solve multiple problems at once,” she says. Reducing coal emissions won’t just cut CO2; it will also protect our oceans, seafood, and health.
This interconnected approach, she believes, is key to creating a sustainable future for all.
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Kecskeméten rendkívüli eset történt egy gyárlátogatás során. Egy 28 éves egyetemi hallgató november 15-én, a többi diáktól elszakadva, egy több tízmillió forintos Mercedes-Benz CLA Shooting Brake 45S AMG típusú autót vett üzembe és a tesztpályára hajtott.
A látogatás során a hallgatóknak részletes tájékoztatást adtak a biztonsági szabályokról és a tiltott tevékenységekről. Ennek ellenére a fiatalember úgy döntött, hogy figyelmen kívül hagyja ezeket, és a kíváncsiság hajtva, engedély nélkül vezette el az autót. A próbaút azonban katasztrofális véget ért: az autó az egyik kanyarban kicsúszott és az árokba csapódott. A jármű totálkárosra tört, a kár becslések szerint 40-50 millió forint.
A rendőrség jármű önkényes elvétele miatt hallgatta ki a férfit, aki a történtek után elmondta, hogy egyszerűen csak kíváncsi volt az autó teljesítményére. Érdekesség, hogy a balesetet szenvedett Mercedes még gyártási fázisban volt, így a végsebessége sem volt korlátozva.
A rendkívüli eset felveti a biztonsági intézkedések hatékonyságának kérdését, valamint azt, hogy milyen következményekkel járhat egy ilyen felelőtlen cselekedet.
The post Diákbalhé luxusautóval: milliós kárt okozott egy kecskeméti gyárban appeared first on Biztonságpiac.
A Haitian child sits in a displacement camp in Léogâne. Credit: UNICEF/Maxime Le Lijour
By Oritro Karim
UNITED NATIONS, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
Over the past week, the deployment of the Multinational Security Support Mission (MSS) in Haiti and extended efforts by the Haitian National Police has led to local gangs ramping up their offensives in order to hold onto their territories. Humanitarian organizations fear that displacement will skyrocket without more efficient security controls and relief responses.
According to a report from the Directorate-General for European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations, gangs are predicted to control over 85 percent of Port-Au-Prince, Haiti’s capital and most populous city. This has led to the city being isolated from the rest of the nation, severely disrupting communications and critical supply chains.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) estimates that as of November 15, over 20,000 civilians had been displaced due to gang violence over the course of 4 days. They added that due to targeted attacks on airports and seaports, as well as unsafe roads due to gang occupancy, that Port-Au-Prince is in a state of “near-total paralysis”.
The most vulnerable populations in displaced communities are expected to be hit the hardest by the isolation of Port-Au-Prince. Humanitarian aid efforts have faced increasingly restrictive impediments, leading to a critical lack of resources.
IOM’s Chief in Haiti, Grégoire Goodstein, has confirmed that only one fifth of Port-Au-Prince is accessible at this time. Goodstein adds: “the isolation of Port-au-Prince is amplifying an already dire humanitarian situation. Our ability to deliver aid is stretched to its limits. Without immediate international support, the suffering will worsen exponentially”.
Nationwide hunger has reached a new peak in the past three months. The World Food Programme (WFP) estimates that approximately 5.4 million people, or 50 percent of the population, face acute food insecurity. According to figures from the Global Hunger Index, approximately 22 percent of children face adverse health effects from malnutrition, with roughly 5.6 percent of children dying before the age of 5.
The UN Integrated Office in Haiti (BINUH) reports that 2024 marks the most violence observed in over two years, with over 2,500 people being killed as a result of gang violence. On November 14, armed groups attacked the Solino neighborhood in Port-Au-Prince, which is one of the few areas that has evaded gang control. Gunfire between the national police and the Viv Ansamn gang forced families in the area to flee.
Jean-Jean Pierre, a resident in the Solino neighborhood, recalled fleeing from the area with hordes of other civilians. “We barely made it out. I’ve lived here 40 years of my life and I’ve never seen it this bad. These gangs are more powerful than the police,” Pierre informed reporters.
Gender-based violence has also risen in the final quarter of the year. Volker Türk, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, said sexual violence in Haiti “is pervasive and very likely to have reached levels not seen before”. According to IOM, sexual violence has been used as a weapon of terror by gangs, disproportionally targeting women and children. Additionally, 94 percent of women and girls faced heightened risks of sexual violence.
In a press release from the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), Michelle Strucke, the director of the CSIS Humanitarian Agenda, reports that there has been a 49 percent increase in sexual violence on girls and women recorded in 2024. Due to the scale of power that gangs possess in the Port-Au-Prince and Artibonite River regions, where sexual abuse cases are most concentrated, perpetrators receive widespread impunity, essentially preventing victims from acquiring any form of justice.
The MSS mission in Haiti has drawn considerable backlash from humanitarian organizations and Haitian citizens due to its inefficacy in dispensing of gang violence. Due to the mission being severely underfunded, response efforts have been greatly outmatched by gangs, which have increased their brutality since the deployment of this mission.
“It’s not back to where we started — it’s worse. More areas have been taken by gangs, more people had to leave and flee their homes and are homeless. It’s not any better,” said Sister Paésie Philippe, a French nun residing in Cité Soleil, Port-Au-Prince.
Although U.S. ambassador to Haiti Dennis B. Hankins confirmed that the U.S. Embassy has been in communications with the gangs in an effort to promote security, he remarked that they “certainly do not negotiate with gangs.” Experts have opined that the contingent mission’s failure to act effectively in this crisis has emboldened Haitian gangs to re-emerge and escalate the brutality of their attacks.
“I think they are essentially trying to get power or at least negotiate to get power. Ultimately, if the situation deteriorates further, they’ll be in a position to negotiate, whether you like it or not,” said Robert Fatton Jr., a professor of government and foreign affairs at the University of Virginia.
The United Nations has pledged that the MSS mission would continue to receive funding as it extends the MSS mission’s deployment in Haiti for another year and enlists a 2,500 officer-strong force. However, with only a small percentage of the 600 million dollars required to enlist such a force, along with uncertainty that U.S. President-elect Donald Trump will voluntarily allocate U.S. funds to Haiti, it is difficult to predict if the mission will achieve any kind of progress in eradicating gang violence.
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La victoire de Donald Trump relance les aspirations belliqueuses du président de l'entité serbe de Bosnie-Herzégovine. Milorad Dodik envisage aujourd'hui d'envoyer les jeunes de RS faire leur service militaire en Serbie. Or, cela est parfaitement illégal et pose des problèmes juridiques, politiques et sécuritaires.
- Le fil de l'Info / Courrier des Balkans, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Défense, police et justice, RS sécession, Une - Diaporama, Relations régionalesLa victoire de Donald Trump relance les aspirations belliqueuses du président de l'entité serbe de Bosnie-Herzégovine. Milorad Dodik envisage aujourd'hui d'envoyer les jeunes de RS faire leur service militaire en Serbie. Or, cela est parfaitement illégal et pose des problèmes juridiques, politiques et sécuritaires.
- Le fil de l'Info / Courrier des Balkans, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Défense, police et justice, Une - Diaporama, Relations régionales, Une - Diaporama - En premierWritten by Györgyi Mácsai and Maria-Margarita Mentzelopoulou.
Child migration takes many forms, from family reunification and moving in the hope of finding a better life to forced and traumatic migration caused by conflict, poverty or climate change. Overall, the number of migrant children has been rising globally since the turn of the century. In 2020, there were an estimated 35.5 million international migrant children globally, the largest number ever recorded. This infographic focuses exclusively on forced and irregular movements of migrant children to the EU. According to Eurostat, on 1 January 2023 around 7.4 million children in the EU under the age of 18 did not have the citizenship of their country of residence.
Read the complete infographic on ‘Child migrants: Irregular entry and asylum‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.
Share in 2022 Irregular EU border crossings Third-country national children found to be irregularly present in the EU in 2023, by age and gender Third-country nationals found to be irregularly present in the EU, 2013-2023 Migrant children found to be irregularly present by Member State in 2023 Children effectively returned from the EU in 2023, by age and gender Children ordered to leave the EU in 2023, by age and gender Top 10 nationalities of children ordered to leave the EU and/or returned in 2023 First-time child applicants in 2023, by age and gender First-time applicants, per age group Unaccompanied children applyingAn innovative microinsurance project in Kenya has protected 69,000 low-income households from property loss, offering affordable and essential safety nets. Credit: Habitat for Humanity
By Aishwarya Bajpai
BAKU, Nov 19 2024 (IPS)
In the face of a growing climate crisis, the connection between housing and environmental sustainability is becoming increasingly urgent.
Habitat for Humanity International, a global nonprofit operating in over 70 countries since the 1970s, is at the forefront of this challenge.
By providing housing solutions for low-income families, the organization is tackling the twin imperatives of ensuring adequate shelter and addressing climate change.
Puja Sawhney, a Habitat for Humanity representative advocating for affordable and climate-resilient houses at COP29. Credit: Aishwarya Bajpai/IPS
Housing as a Climate PriorityThe housing sector contributes to 21 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, making it a significant factor in climate change discussions.
Habitat for Humanity recognizes the dual need for mitigation—reducing emissions—and adaptation—building resilience to climate impacts.
“We want to build houses that are resilient to climate change,” said Puja Sawhney, a Habitat representative. “We don’t want houses that get washed away the next year.”
To achieve this, the organization focuses on sustainable construction practices and innovative designs.
A noteworthy example is their successful use of 3D-printed housing technology in India, which demonstrates the potential for scalable, climate-smart solutions.
Empowering CommunitiesCentral to Habitat for Humanity’s mission is community empowerment.
Through its Global Village volunteer program, the organization invites individuals from across the globe to help physically build homes.
This hands-on initiative provides volunteers with firsthand insight into the housing challenges faced by low-income families, fostering a deeper understanding of local communities and their unique vulnerabilities.
In addition to physical construction, the organization works to build the climate resilience of the communities it serves. ‘We raise awareness about the importance of tackling climate change,’ the representative explained.
This involves educating families on sustainable practices and advocating for housing policies that prioritize climate adaptation.
Finance as a Catalyst For ChangeAt COP29, Habitat for Humanity emphasized the critical role of finance in advancing its work.
Climate finance is essential for greening the housing sector’s supply chain, building capacity and awareness, and ensuring that homes are both adequate and affordable. However, the challenge lies in balancing sustainability with affordability.
“For low- and middle-income households and developing countries overall, the technologies needed for sustainable housing are often prohibitively expensive,” Sawhney noted.
While the organization has piloted net-zero homes in the U.S., such advancements remain out of reach for many of the world’s most vulnerable populations.
To bridge this gap, Habitat for Humanity is advocating for the inclusion of housing as a priority sector in climate negotiations. “There’s not much conversation around the housing sector.’
Sawhney pointed out. “It’s very important to have housing included as a major contributor to the NDCs (Nationally Determined Contributions).”
By securing financing mechanisms and policy attention, the organization hopes to drive innovation and accessibility in sustainable housing solutions.
A Path ForwardWith the right financing and global collaboration, Habitat for Humanity is proving that housing can be both a fundamental right and a key pillar in the fight against climate change.
In their words, “It’s not just about providing a roof over someone’s head—it’s about building a future where communities can thrive in the face of a changing climate.”
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