Eurotopics.net

Italy's Prime Minister, Giorgia Meloni, has successfully steered her "Stabilicum" electoral reform bill through parliament after it was passed by the Chamber of Deputies by 227 votes to 164 in the final vote. The Senate – the second chamber of the Italian parliament – had already approved the bill in mid-September.

Cemil Tugay, the mayor of İzmir, on Tuesday switched alliegences from the opposition CHP to the ruling party AKP. President Erdoğan welcomed him personally at a parliamentary group meeting and presented him with a party pin. Tugay's switch is the latest in a series of defections across Turkey, and has sparked protests in İzmir, a CHP stronghold. Reactions in the Turkish press vary.

Two weeks after her eviction from the Madrid home she had lived in for seven decades, 87-year-old Maricarmen Abascal has died. Her eviction sparked nationwide protests against the housing crisis in Spain. A general strike has been called for 11 November to protest the problem. The media examine the symbolic power of Maricarmen's death.

A growing number of official bodies are warning of the possibility of Russia launching military operations against Europe. Germany's Federal Intelligence Service said on Monday that there was an increased risk of hybrid attacks by Moscow, and Belgian Defence Minister Theo Francken has said the continent faces a "dark winter" and called for drone defence to become top priority. Denmark's intelligence service has also warned of the growing risk of a limited military attack on a Nato country in the coming months.