European Union

Committee meetings, Brussels

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

The 2026 US–Israel–Iran war and the closure of the Strait of Hormuz have triggered one of the largest oil supply disruptions in modern history. Brent crude prices rose sharply, producing a major external shock for oil-importing developing economies at a moment when the international development system was already under severe strain. Petrochemical products shipped through the strait are also vital for agriculture, medicine and industry. The largest contraction on record of official development assistance (ODA) had already been recorded in 2025, while geopolitical tensions and rising defence expenditures are reshaping ODA spending priorities and development policy directions.
This brief examines how the oil shock will impact development cooperation. The significance of the oil shock lies not only in the price increase itself but also in its timing, and it arrives amid an ongoing reconfiguration of development cooperation. The analysis is organised around two postulates that underpin the post–Cold War development architecture. The first is the existence of states in the Global South with sufficient authority and developmental aspirations and capacity to pursue broad-based development goals. The second is the existence of donor countries willing and able to support those states’ aspirations.
The oil shock weakens both postulates through different mechanisms. For many oil-importing developing countries, rising fuel, food and transport costs intensify fiscal stress, debt vulnerabilities and pressures on state capacity. Fragile states without strategic importance are especially exposed. At the same time, donor countries face mounting pressures
from fiscal tightening, defence spending, domestic cost-of-living politics and growing scepticism towards multilateralism. These dynamics risk reinforcing one another in the sense that weakening state capacity can intensify instability, while rising instability may further reduce political support for development co-operation in donor countries.
The brief argues that alternative financing sources such as Gulf finance, South–South cooperation and climate finance are unlikely to compensate for the scale of OECD donors’ retrenchment. The likely result is a more fragmented, transactional and geographically selective development cooperation system, in which the countries most in need are increasingly among the least likely to receive sustained support unless they hold geopolitical importance.
Three policy implications follow from the war. First, the multilateral development financing architecture requires urgent bolstering. Instruments such as the World Bank’s International Development Association and the IMF’s Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust face growing pressure precisely as low-income countries (LICs) confront simultaneous food, fuel, debt and financing shocks. Second, the increasing concentration of concessional finance to strategically prioritised states should not be treated as inevitable. Fragile states risk declining concessional finance and multilateral reach despite acute humanitarian need. Third, European donors must decide whether development cooperation remains anchored in poverty reduction or becomes subordinated to defence, migration and geopolitical priorities.

Professor Andy Sumner is a professor of International Development at King’s College London and President of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes.

L'intégration européenne semble en panne, et l'administration Trump met au défi les politiques de l'Union dans les Balkans comme en Ukraine. Acteur majeur de l'élargissement, Pierre Mirel revient sur deux décennies de tâtonnements et d'avancées, avec la conviction que ce processus a plus de sens que jamais. Entretien.

- Articles / Questions européennes, Elargissement UE, Courrier des Balkans, Albanie, Bosnie-Herzégovine, Bulgarie, Croatie, Kosovo, Turquie, Macédoine du Nord, Serbie, Slovénie, Monténégro, Ukraine, Blocage UE

Financial constraints are one of the most severe obstacles for the operation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Yet women and women-led enterprises are disproportionally affected, which leads to a gender gap in access to finance. This paper uses panel estimation techniques, namely a correlated random effects model, for 1,655 financial institutions from 109 mostly LMICs for the years 2000 to 2019 to examine empirically whether there are purely economic incentives for financial institutions to scale up their lending activities towards women and women-led enterprises. Going beyond the microfinance sector, this study provides – to the best of my knowledge – the first empirical evidence on this question for banks and bank-like financial institutions that serve higher credit market segments. I find positive and significant effects on the quality of the loan portfolio (lower portfolio at risk), income streams (higher portfolio yield) and the overall financial performance (captured by return on assets or profit margin). Since economic incentives and profitability considerations are crucial in steering the decisions of financial institutions with regard to credit allocations, the banks’ self-interest could lead to management decisions and internal directives to favor female loan applicants, which could contribute to closing the gender gap in access to finance. Furthermore, the findings on the positive effects on banks’ financial performance give policymakers and regulators leeway to push financial institutions through more restrictive policy measures and regulatory requirements to direct more loans to women and women-led firms.

Demonstration plots (demo plots) are crucial for knowledge dissemination and knowledge production to and with smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, making them important in rural development. Beyond their agricultural extension function considerations, their political and ecological dynamics remain undertheorized. Drawing on qualitative empirical data across Mbeya Region, Tanzania, we analyze the political ecology of different demonstration plots as assemblages deployed by private-sector actors, NGOs/grassroots organizations, and research institutions, to shape agricultural transformation. Our study reveals stark power asymmetries: private sector and research-led demo plots, strategically located and strongly resourced, dominate both physical and discursive landscapes. Their alliance building and branding practices territorialize monocultures, input-dependent farming as aspired futures. Conversely, the more conservation-oriented grassroots demo plots, despite retaining agroforestry socioecological systems, fostering local knowledge and diverse practices, are marginalized by resource constraints and limited institutional support, exposing their territories to constant erasure. Using assemblage theory, we scrutinize demo plots as active sites of socio-technical selection, configuring actors, spaces, and knowledge systems in ways that privilege market integration through intensification, while sidelining alternatives. The analysis challenges prevailing narratives of demo plots as neutral (even apolitical) pedagogical tools, instead arguing to understand them as instruments of power that determine which agricultural futures materialize.

The European Investment Bank (EIB), the world’s largest multilateral financial institution, has supported projects in over 160 countries, including fragile and conflict-affected states (FCSs). Following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the EIB adopted its first Strategic Approach to Fragility and Conflict in 2022. While the bank has a history of operating in FCSs, this strategy signals its ambition to strengthen the bank’s focus on state fragility. What is driving this shift and how does it align with the EIB’s traditional emphasis on financial sustainability and risk aversion? This paper examines the drivers of the EIB’s engagement with fragile states through an institutional logics lens, identifying three core logics embedded in the bank’s identity: development, investment and bureaucratic logics. The analysis shows that although development and bureaucratic logics strongly shape the new strategy, the investment logic – anchored in financial prudence – continues to influence lending practices. This finding suggests that the progressive rhetoric on fragility is constrained by institutional caution.

A delegation from the Employment and Social Affairs Committee was in La Réunion to assess youth employment initiatives and to meet government representatives.
Committee on Employment and Social Affairs

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

A delegation from the Employment and Social Affairs Committee was in La Réunion to assess youth employment initiatives and to meet government representatives.
Committee on Employment and Social Affairs

Source : © European Union, 2026 - EP

In Paris delegates convened at the ‘future of development cooperation’ conference organised by the OECD's DCD which supports the work of the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC), the leading traditional donors' aid club.

Written by Ionel Zamfir

Over a thousand women are killed in the EU each year in circumstances that often point to a gender-related motive, and the perpetrators are most commonly intimate partners or family members. Data collected by a number of EU Member States on female homicides show no consistent downward trend, despite a range of measures aimed at combating gender-based violence.

Widely publicised cases of femicide have highlighted systemic failures in prevention and victim protection, and have driven legislative reforms in several Member States. These include the introduction of femicide as an aggravating circumstance alongside measures on prevention, victim support and data collection.

Experts recommend avoiding an exclusive focus on harsher criminal penalties and instead implementing a comprehensive approach that addresses the root causes of femicide, strengthening prevention efforts, improving victim protection, enhancing data collection and raising public awareness.

At the EU level, existing legislative and non-legislative measures address gender-based violence more broadly but do not specifically recognise femicide as a distinct crime. The European Parliament has therefore urged for its formal recognition at EU level, arguing that this would improve legal clarity, data comparability and the effectiveness of prevention and protection measures.

Read the complete briefing on ‘Recognition of femicide in the EU‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.

This policy brief analyses how the EU may strengthen its role and advance its legitimacy in the Arctic when redesigning its priorities and partnerships, and how, in the process, it may contribute to the redesigning of established institutions and policies to fill the vacuum left by the Arctic Council. We will first provide a brief overview of the tensions inherent in different
types of cooperation approaches, the role that the EU wishes to play in the Arctic and external expectations that concern the EU’s priorities in the Arctic. Second, we discuss how these tensions affect the EU’s legitimacy as a cooperation partner and assess factors that strengthen and weaken the EU’s perception as an actor that needs to engage in the Arctic to avoid being excluded from policy negotiations of great relevance for the EU’s short-term, mid-term and long-term priorities. Third, we conclude with how EU ambitions have
changed and how it can strengthen its legitimacy as a cooperation partner by emphasizing the human dimension of security in the Arctic.

This policy brief analyses how the EU may strengthen its role and advance its legitimacy in the Arctic when redesigning its priorities and partnerships, and how, in the process, it may contribute to the redesigning of established institutions and policies to fill the vacuum left by the Arctic Council. We will first provide a brief overview of the tensions inherent in different
types of cooperation approaches, the role that the EU wishes to play in the Arctic and external expectations that concern the EU’s priorities in the Arctic. Second, we discuss how these tensions affect the EU’s legitimacy as a cooperation partner and assess factors that strengthen and weaken the EU’s perception as an actor that needs to engage in the Arctic to avoid being excluded from policy negotiations of great relevance for the EU’s short-term, mid-term and long-term priorities. Third, we conclude with how EU ambitions have
changed and how it can strengthen its legitimacy as a cooperation partner by emphasizing the human dimension of security in the Arctic.

Written by Monika Kiss

Multimodal digital mobility services (MDMS) are digital platforms that integrate transport modes such as rail, buses, bikes, taxis and car-sharing into a single interface for planning, booking and payment. MDMS aim to improve convenience, journey choice and cost efficiency, while supporting more sustainable and integrated mobility across Europe.

The EU considers MDMS to be a strategic component of the Green Deal and the sustainable and smart mobility strategy to reduce emissions and strengthen the transport Single Market. Key policy tools include the Directive on Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), the European mobility data space, and initiatives promoting interoperable data and seamless multimodal travel. Major policy debates focus on data sharing, interoperability, integrated ticketing, passenger rights, liability for disruptions, and platform governance. The Multimodal Passenger Mobility Forum highlighted challenges around FRAND (fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory) principles, self-preferencing, enforcement, data protection and data quality requirements. A Eurobarometer survey shows that many users still find multimodal booking difficult due to fragmented systems, poor connections, higher costs and uncertainty about transfers.

Stakeholders are divided, with transport operators resisting mandatory data and ticketing access, while digital platforms support stronger interoperability and openness. Consumer and environmental groups generally support MDMS for improving transparency, competition, and shifting demand towards low-emission transport. Researchers consider MDMS promising but not fully mature, pointing to persistent issues in interoperability, technical standards, cybersecurity, and governance. Overall, effective MDMS deployment requires balanced regulation, harmonised standards, investment in infrastructure, and strong public-private coordination.

Read the complete briefing on ‘Multimodal digital mobility services‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.

Chaque printemps, Les Journées Molière offrent des espaces privilégiés de rencontres avec des auteurs francophones contemporains, des traducteurs, des éditeurs et bien sûr… les lecteurs.
Cette année, la 18ème édition sera placée sous le signe des biographies des grandes figures du XXème siècle. À cette occasion, nous évoquerons Jacques Derrida, Sándor, Ferenczi, ou encore Hergé, nous parlerons des aventures de Tintin, tout cela grâce à la participation du prolifique Benoît Peeters, (…)

- Agenda / Serbie, Dans les Balkans

Utiliser la crise financière pour faire de la politique a pour sens d'abattre la finance néolibérale. Le degré auquel cette dernière a solidifié ses arguments justificateurs est impressionnant. Il faudra ne se laisser impressionner par aucun. Il va falloir lui rouler dessus, et sans le moindre égard.

- La pompe à phynance / Économie, Finance

Written by Mar Negreiro with Öykü Dilara Anaç

AI companions are chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs) designed for personalised, emotionally engaging interactions. The popularity of AI companion platforms, such as Character.AI and Replika, has grown rapidly in recent years. These systems interact in ways that closely resemble human relationships, allowing users to customise their companions and develop strong emotional attachments. While some of the challenges they pose overlap with those associated with generic AI chatbots, AI companions raise additional concerns.
Children are particularly vulnerable, with reports of exposure to sexualised conversations and prompts to engage in self-harm or suicide, highlighting the need for stronger safeguards. However, to date, few countries have put forward specific legislation for this.
The EU has no specific laws for AI companions, although existing legislative frameworks like the AI Act, the Digital Services Act and the General Data Protection Regulation may apply.

Read the complete briefing on ‘The spread of AI companions and the challenges they generate‘ in the Think Tank pages of the European Parliament.

Telex.hu: Sikerült elhárítani a robbanás veszélyét, jelentették be Kalifornia állam tűzoltói helyi idő szerint hétfő (5. 25.) reggel, magyar idő szerint késő délután az Orange megyében lévő veszélyes anyagot tartalmazó vegyi tartállyal kapcsolatban. A szakemberek egész éjjel dolgoztak a Garden Grove-i telephelynél, hogy óvatosan csökkentsék a nyomást a tartályban CBS szerint. Szombattól kezdve a veszélyhelyzet miatt 50 ezer embert evakuáltak a térségből, és még vasárnap este sem lehetett tudni, hogy mennyi ideig tarthat a krízis. A veszély elmúltával az evakuálási felhívást még nem vonták vissza, a tűzoltók szerint még nem múlt el teljesen a veszély.

Testkamerájával rögzítette egy nő (44) siklóernyőzés közben, ahogy belerepül és átszakítja a vitorláját egy Cessna 172-es kisrepülőgép az ausztriai Zell am See felett – írta a Hirado.hu. A nő „második születésnapjának” nevezte az esetet a közösségi médiában.

Früher waren sie die Festung der Milliardäre und grossen Pensionskassen: Private Markets. Doch im Frühling 2026 klopfen Banken und Fintechs plötzlich bei Herr und Frau Schweizer an. Die Kosten und Risiken im Check.

Die YB Frauen verlieren das Heimspiel im Playoff-Final gegen Servette Genf knapp mit 1:2. YB-Trainerin Imke Wübbenhorst will im Rückspiel endlich ihren Servette-Fluch brechen.