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Diplomacy & Crisis News

Meet the Man Who Wants to Make Hong Kong a City-State

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 16:33
Amid fears of growing Chinese influence, a radical nativist movement wants to keep Hong Kong for Hong Kongers.

Churchill’s dislike of athleticism in generals: Such officers don’t succeed

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 15:59
"A colonel or general ought not to exhaust himself in trying to compete with young boys running across country seven miles at a time."

Quote of the day: Churchill on why generals and politics don’t mix

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 15:55
“It is always dangerous for soldiers, sailors, or airmen to play at politics. They enter a sphere in which the values are quite different from those to which they have hitherto been accustomed.”

Afghan Taliban Continue Attacks; Pakistani Religious Leaders Condemn Suicide Attacks; Modi Wants to ‘Act East’

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 15:49
Afghanistan Taliban attacks continue in Afghanistan A suicide car bomber attacked a convoy from the European Union (E.U.) police training mission near Kabul’s international airport on Sunday, killing three people (AP, BBC). The bomb exploded near the office of the Afghan Civil Aviation Authority, a few hundred yards from the airport’s main terminal. The blast ...

Churchill on armies and turf

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 15:47
Read this and ask yourself, which was the U.S. military in Iraq?

In Defense of Killer Robots

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 15:08
Hold on there, technophobe hippies. When it comes to “doing no harm,” robots are a hell of a lot better than humans.

Situation Report: Ramadi falls; CIA still running the show in the Mideast; billions more for drone maker; and lots more

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 13:38
By Paul McLeary with Ariel Robinson Things fall apart. Iraqi forces broke and fled the city of Ramadi in the face of a renewed assault by the Islamic State on Sunday, recalling the full-fledged retreat from Mosul last summer that gave the extremist group access to whole divisions’ worth of American-supplied Iraqi military equipment. Despite ...

Islamic State Seizes Ramadi while U.S. Conducts Raid in Syria

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 13:19
The Islamic State has taken the Iraqi city of Ramadi, it’s first major victory since the international coalition began targeting its operations in Iraq and Syria last September. The attack began on Friday when fighters disguised as police officers infiltrated the city and seized key government buildings. According to Iraqi officials, at least 500 people ...

Mission Unstoppable: Why Is the CIA Running America’s Foreign Policy?

Foreign Policy - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 12:30
From drone strikes to prison torture, the CIA has been pulling the strings of U.S. foreign policy since 9/11. And if history is a guide, the agency will be calling the shots in the Middle East for years to come.

The End of Normal. The Great Crisis and the Future of Growth

Politique étrangère (IFRI) - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 10:30

Cette recension d’ouvrages est issue de Politique étrangère (1/2015). Norbert Gaillard propose une analyse de l’ouvrage de James K. Galbraith, The End of Normal. The Great Crisis and the Future of Growth (New York, NY, Simon & Schuster, 2014, 304 pages) et de celui d’Atif Mian et Amir Sufi, House of Debt (Chicago, IL, The University of Chicago Press, 2014, 228 pages).

La crise économique que les pays industrialisés traversent depuis 2007 continue de susciter de nombreuses réflexions. Dans son dernier ouvrage, James Galbraith estime que cette Grande Récession est d’une nature radicalement différente des crises précédentes. Selon lui, quatre facteurs semblent indiquer que l’Amérique entre dans une période de stagnation durable qui ne serait autre que l’état normal du capitalisme, comme le défendaient dès 1966 les deux économistes néomarxistes Paul Baran et Paul Sweezy, que Galbraith cite abondamment. D’abord, la hausse du prix de l’énergie et l’inévitable adaptation aux changements climatiques pèsent négativement sur les stratégies des entreprises et les habitudes de consommation. Ensuite, la capacité des États-Unis à imposer des évolutions politiques par la force militaire ou les sanctions financières est de plus en plus limitée. Enfin, il y a ce que l’auteur nomme la « tempête digitale », génératrice de chômage, et les conséquences de la crise immobilière qui se feront sentir encore longtemps.

Face à ces quatre défis, l’auteur considère que les raisons diversement invoquées pour expliquer la crise – telles que le poids du big government, la faillite des régulateurs ou le surendettement privé – sont insuffisantes. Il en va de même des remèdes avancés par la plupart des économistes, à l’instar de ceux qui, classés à gauche comme Galbraith, en appellent à une relance de la demande. Celui-ci préconise en fait un nouveau New Deal dans un cadre capitaliste complètement régulé et rénové. Son analyse est brillante, mais son pessimisme est exagéré quand on connaît le potentiel de croissance et de développement qui existe en Afrique et en Asie du Sud – soit plus de 40 % de la population mondiale – et qui pourrait dynamiser durablement les économies occidentales.

Pour Atif Mian et Amir Sufi, la Grande Récession est le produit d’un système financier qui a poussé les ménages à s’endetter massivement. Leur démonstration est impressionnante et implacable. L’explosion des prêts immobiliers jusqu’à 2007 a créé un effet de richesse fictif, qui a conduit les propriétaires américains à poursuivre leur politique d’endettement. En réalité, la dette s’apparente à une « anti-assurance » appauvrissant les ménages au moment où ils sont vulnérables – en période de perte d’emploi ou de récession. D’ailleurs, selon les auteurs, la chute de la consommation très marquée dans les foyers fortement endettés constitue bien la preuve que la crise immobilière et le fort endettement privé sont à l’origine des difficultés. Dès lors que la récession est installée et se propage, il devient stérile de condamner moralement les ménages surendettés. Que faire alors ?

Les solutions classiques consistant à baisser les salaires et à pousser les travailleurs à migrer ne sont pas réalistes. Les politiques d’austérité visant à rééquilibrer les comptes publics sont dangereuses. Les politiques monétaires accommodantes sont quant à elle inadaptées. D’une part, la baisse des taux d’intérêt est inopérante car les individus ayant la plus forte propension à consommer sont déjà très endettés. D’autre part, les quantitative easings ne sont d’aucune utilité aux grandes entreprises, et ne font qu’alimenter le gonflement de bulles sur les marchés actions. Mian et Sufi en arrivent à la conclusion qu’il serait nettement plus efficace de restructurer la dette des ménages. Cette initiative permettrait d’accroître la demande globale et de prévenir de futures bulles, qui sont le plus souvent le résultat d’une expansion excessive de l’offre de crédit.

S’abonner à Politique étrangère.



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The New German Arrogance (II)

German Foreign Policy (DE/FR/EN) - Mon, 18/05/2015 - 00:00
(Own report) - In cooperation with NSA, a US military intelligence service, the German Federal Intelligence Service (BND) has massively intercepted and stored emails from Austria, Luxembourg and the Czech Republic. This became evident through an internal email from an employee of the Deutsche Telekom AG, responsible for cooperation with the intelligence service and police. According to the email, published by the Austrian parliamentarian Peter Pilz, Telekom, already in early February 2005, had given a green light to the BND having access to a fiber optic cable for internet communication connecting Luxembourg to Austria and numerous other countries. At the time, Frank-Walter Steinmeier (SPD), as Head of the Federal Chancellery, bore the highest responsibility for the activities of the BND. According to reports, Austria's domestic intelligence was also being tapped. Whoever is cognizant of this communication, knows "almost everything about the Republic's political life," summarized Pilz. The governments concerned have raised no serious protests, in the Germany-dominated EU. The German government is continuing the BND's technological upgrading, aimed ultimately toward raising German espionage "to an equal footing" with the NSA - also in internet spying.

Successful U.S. Raid Into Syria Could Lead to More Missions There

Foreign Policy - Sun, 17/05/2015 - 02:30
Delta Force operators killed a senior Islamic State leader inside Syria, but the intelligence they collected could be just as important -- and might open the door to new raids in the future.

Summit to Nowhere

Foreign Policy - Sat, 16/05/2015 - 01:12
The Camp David summit concluded on Thursday with a stack of assurances from President Barack Obama to representatives of the Arab Gulf states that America has their back. To prove his intentions, he promised to sell them more and better weapons, and to increase the frequency of combined training and exercise opportunities for their forces ...

Longform’s Picks of the Week

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 23:33
The best stories from around the world.

Exclusive: Pentagon Shutting Highly-Regarded Support Program for Troubled Troops

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 23:27
The Defense Department has long praised a support program for troubled troops. That wasn't enough to save it from the budget axe.

Top Europe Diplomat Snatches Hill Aide as Senior Advisor

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 22:51
Victoria Nuland, America’s top diplomat for Europe, has tapped an experienced Capitol Hill staffer as her new senior adviser, officials tell Foreign Policy.

Rare Photographs Document the Rescue of Hundreds of Migrants

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 22:33
Nearly every day, it seems, a new report arrives of hundreds of migrants being pulled out of the sea or drowning in anonymity. Both in the Mediterranean Sea and the waters of South East Asia, desperate migrants are being packed into rickety boats and transported across dangerous waterways toward the hope of a new life, ...

Money Keeps Moving Toward Somalia, Sometimes In Suitcases

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 22:25
Some financial companies in the U.S. resort to carrying cash on airplanes to keep remittances flowing to needy Somalis.

Jury Sentences Boston Marathon Bomber to Death

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 22:20
A federal jury in Massachusetts sentenced Tsarnaev to death on six of 17 counts.

Nepal’s Renegade Strategy to Save Mothers

Foreign Policy - Fri, 15/05/2015 - 22:15
The country's bold strategy to fight maternal mortality flouts conventional wisdom and relies on a controversial drug -- and in the wake of the devastating earthquake, it could be more important than ever.

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