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Félix Tshisekedi à propos de la Déclaration des principes avec le Rwanda : « C’est un pas dans la bonne direction »

Radio Okapi / RD Congo - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 17:56

 




Le Président Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi a affirmé ce mardi 29 avril à Kinshasa que la « Déclaration de principes », signé par la RDC et le Rwanda sous l’égide des Etats-Unis, « est un pas dans la bonne direction ».


Il l’a déclaré en conférence de presse qu’il animait avec son homologue de la Guinée Bissau, Umaro Sissoco en visite de travail ce mardi à Kinshasa.

Categories: Afrique

L'ascension fulgurante des populistes de Reform UK

RFI (Europe) - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 17:46
Semaine test pour les travaillistes britanniques qui sont revenus au pouvoir en juillet 2024. 13 millions d’électeurs sont appelés aux urnes ce jeudi (1er mai 2025) pour des élections locales. Et les sondages ne sont pas bons. C’est le parti post-Brexit, Reform Uk qui caracole désormais en tête avec 25% des intentions de vote. Avec une campagne très populiste et trumpiste, ils ont capitalisé sur les échecs du Premier ministre Keir Starmer sur la relance économique, les aides sociales et le contrôle migratoire.
Categories: Union européenne

La Marine nationale teste une munition téléopérée de surface contre un vieux chaland de transport

Zone militaire - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 17:42

Le volet naval de la guerre en Ukraine a mis en avant le rôle que pouvaient tenir les drones de surface armés [et / ou chargés d’explosifs] ukrainiens contre la flotte russe de la mer Noire. Pour autant, s’ils ont permis de tenir les navires de cette dernière à distance et d’empêcher, sans doute, une...

Cet article La Marine nationale teste une munition téléopérée de surface contre un vieux chaland de transport est apparu en premier sur Zone Militaire.

Categories: Défense

La Cour des comptes européenne accusée d’entraver une enquête pénale

Euractiv.fr - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 17:32

Le Parquet européen a déposé une plainte devant la plus haute juridiction de l'Union européenne contre la Cour des comptes européenne, l'accusant d'entraver une enquête pénale en refusant de coopérer.

The post La Cour des comptes européenne accusée d’entraver une enquête pénale appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Categories: Union européenne

Les anges, les ombres, la forêt

Le Monde Diplomatique - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:47
L'artiste britannique Brian Catling, récemment disparu à près de 74 ans, était peintre, sculpteur, performeur, poète. En 2012, il livrait la première partie d'une trilogie appelée à faire sensation : Vorrh. Avec le troisième volume du cycle, Les Divis (2018), qui vient d'être traduit , se termine une (...) / , , , - 2023/01

Rétablissement de l'électricité à Mbuji-Mayi après deux mois de coupure

Radio Okapi / RD Congo - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:46


La ligne électrique de la Société nationale d’électricité (SNEL) a été rétablie à Mbuji-Mayi (Kasaï-Oriental) la nuit de Vendredi à samedi 26 avril après deux mois de coupure. Des centaines de maisons résidentielles électrifiées par la SNEL sont de nouveau desservies.

Categories: Afrique

Des déplacements massifs signalés dans plusieurs localités du Nord-Kivu à la suite de l’insécurité

Radio Okapi / RD Congo - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:25


Des déplacements massifs de population sont signalés depuis plusieurs jours dans différentes localités du Nord-Kivu, notamment à Bugamba 1 et Bugamba 2, dans le territoire de Nyiragongo, où les habitants fuient quotidiennement leur foyer.

Categories: Afrique

Washington autorise la Roumanie à acquérir un nouveau système de défense aérienne Patriot

Zone militaire - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:25

En 2017, la Roumanie confirma l’achat de sept systèmes de défense aérienne Patriot auprès du groupe américaine RTX [ex-Raytheon] pour 3,9 milliards de dollars. Le premier des quatre exemplaires livrés n’a pu être déclaré opérationnel qu’en novembre 2023. Seulement, en mai 2024, afin de répondre aux sollicitations de l’Ukraine, l’ex-président roumain, Klaus Iohannis, s’était dit...

Cet article Washington autorise la Roumanie à acquérir un nouveau système de défense aérienne Patriot est apparu en premier sur Zone Militaire.

Categories: Défense

Paketflut durch Onlinehandel: Frankreich will gegen Chinas Temu und Shein vorgehen

Euractiv.de - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:17
Die französische Regierung hat eine neue E-Commerce-Strategie ins Leben gerufen, um den jährlichen Zustrom von rund 1,5 Milliarden Paketen ins Land einzudämmen. Die Hälfte stammt aus China.
Categories: Europäische Union

Violents combats entre M23 et FARDC dans plusieurs territoires du Sud-Kivu

Radio Okapi / RD Congo - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:12

                                                                                                                                                                                      

Categories: Afrique

U.S. Army Black Hawk Lands at the Wrong School

The Aviationist Blog - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:09

A Black Hawk helicopter due to make a community relations visit to Standley Lake High School arrived slightly later than planned after the crew accidentally landed at the wrong school. Staff and students at Pomona High School, Colorado, were moved inside from the school field as the unexpected helicopter approached to land. School Principal Patrick […]

The post U.S. Army Black Hawk Lands at the Wrong School appeared first on The Aviationist.

Categories: Defence`s Feeds

Growing through skills: The integration of transnational dimensions into growth regimes

Ideas on Europe Blog - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 16:06

Linda Wanklin

Cecilia Ivardi

Cecilia Ivardi and Linda Wanklin

In Political Economy, we have historically examined the policies through which countries acquire skills as a national effort. Traditionally, skill provision has been considered a matter occurring within well-defined national borders. Scholars have investigated how economic elites secure the necessary skills and workforce for industries that foster economic growth (see research on growth regimes, Hassel and Palier 2021). However, we argue that this approach is no longer possible. Production increasingly spans multiple countries and value chains grow more intricate. Therefore, skill provision has evolved into a transnational endeavor that transcends national borders. We show that the strategies for sourcing skills now foster international networks.

 

International pressures on national skill needs

Rising political-economic pressures have a transnational nature. First, the geography of production is changing. Previously, companies often outsourced only lower value-added processes to low-income countries. However, consumer demand is stagnating in saturated advanced economies and only increasing in middle-income economies and BRICS countries. Companies now find it more profitable to “produce where they sell”, meaning producing goods directly in the markets where demand is growing instead of outsourcing parts of the production (Herrigel et al. 2015; Fort 2017; Tintelnot et al. 2018). Second, advanced economies face demographic decline. They have a shrinking labor force, which is a particularly serious problem for the mid-skilled jobs that often used to be filled through vocational education and training (VET).

These pressures have implications for countries trying to secure adequate skills for their industries. On the one hand, companies that now produce abroad require a skilled workforce that can conduct operations abroad. On the other hand, at home, countries must grapple with the need for labor migration to fill in the shortages in their labor markets and focus on attracting the influx of workers that they need.

 

Transnational skill formation

We conduct a case study of Germany since the financial crisis. Germany has traditionally been seen as a nationally anchored “skills machine” (Culpepper and Finegold 2001). Its economic model is based on exports and reliant on the skills provided by the national skill formation system (Baccaro et al. 2022). Thanks to the widespread availability of specialized mid-skilled labor trained in the VET system, the German export-led growth model has achieved unparalleled competitiveness.

However, the trends described above threaten the symbiosis between economic growth and the skill formation system. On the one hand, German companies have increasingly started to “produce where they sell”, meaning that they retain only high-level engineering and design in Germany while conducting most production activities in foreign locations (Herrigel et al. 2017). At the same time, VET has become less popular among youth, which, combined with demographic decline, creates an urgent problem of skills shortages particularly in the middle of the skills distribution, such as in the care, hospitality, retail, crafts, and construction sectors.

 

1.      VET transfer

We argue that a coalition of state actors and employers has devised a transnational approach to source skills for the German economy.  This strategy rests on two pillars. First, the coalition has intensified the transfers of VET to foreign contexts. They are financed through official development assistance to the VET sector (which has increased to 400 million USD/year in 2022). Skill formation transfers involve adapting domestic VET concepts, institutions, and training models to foreign contexts at the firm, sector, or system level (Li & Pilz 2023).

These transfers occur through bilateral cooperation on VET reforms, sectoral incentives to implement German training standards, and firm-level initiatives, including the modernization of training processes and the issuing of internationally recognized certificates. Transfers are managed by the ministry responsible for the economy, which funds the German Chambers of Commerce Abroad (AHKs). AHKs provide services to facilitate VET transfers tailored to the needs of German firms and – increasingly/more recently – link training abroad to the migration of mid-skilled workers to Germany. Large German multinational companies benefit from this strategy – however, they are not its frontrunners because, as is well known in Political Economy, they possess the resources needed to train workers on-the-job and do not require a coordinated infrastructure of VET transfers.

 

2.      Labor migration

The second pillar is the liberalization of labor migration. The coalition has increasingly opened the migration policy regime to mid-skilled workers, which was traditionally hard to access for anyone who was not highly skilled (e.g., in the IT and medical sectors) to access. They eased entry for mid-skilled workers through measures such as the 2012 Recognition Act, the 2016 Western Balkan Regulation, and the 2020 and 2023 Skilled Worker Immigration Acts. These reforms have linked foreign-trained workers to the German labor market, including standardized VET recognition abroad, transnational skill partnerships, and information platforms to streamline migration processes.

Increasing openness of the regime is visible in a four-fold increase in labor migration from non-EU countries since 2010, rising from 85,000 in 2010 to 351,000 in 2022. The ministry responsible for development cooperation has driven these efforts, among others, by changing its approach to migration. Once skeptical of the brain drain that labor migration can cause in the countries of origin, it now acknowledges the importance of funding training abroad to meet domestic labor market needs. Domestic employers’ associations, concerned about skill shortages, have encouraged labor migration to align with their needs and have obtained more autonomy in the recognition of foreign diplomas. Although the rise of right-wing populism in Germany has mobilized negative sentiments toward all migrants, this concern primarily affects refugees and asylum seekers and, to a lesser extent, labor migrants, towards which public opinion has remained more neutral – therefore, public opinion has not hindered these efforts.

 

Conclusion

Scholars interested in understanding how countries pursue economic growth must consider the way in which they source skills. In an age of globalization of production structures and skill shortages, skill formation has become a profoundly transnational effort. The approach to skills sourcing activities should be comprehensive, and not merely confined to the study of initial VET, as is common in studies of skill formation systems. Initiatives that transfer education systems and efforts to manage labor migration are seamlessly integrated into skill provision strategies and should be considered part of our research focus.

 

We encourage further research in this field and caution against perceiving the countries where labor is sourced as passive policy-takers, since these countries often recognize some benefits of migration, including reduced youth unemployment and increased remittances (Wanklin 2025). In conclusion, even institutions traditionally anchored within a national context, such as skill formation, are influenced by transnational processes and interdependencies that undermine their connections to the national political economy and their contours become increasingly transnational.

 

Cecilia Ivardi is a PhD candidate in Political Economy at the University of St.Gallen. She is involved in the research funded by the Swiss Leading House GOVPET, focused on the governance of Vocational Education and Training (VET). Her research focuses on how advanced democracies adapt to societal transformations such as the rise of the knowledge economy and examines the policy areas of education, labor markets and migration. She is particularly interested in the ideas and discourses through which national elites steer adaptation processes. To study these, she uses a mixed-methods approach that combines insights from discourse network analysis (DNA) with case studies.

Linda Wanklin is doctoral researcher at the University of St. Gallen, where she is finalising her PhD in International Affairs and Political Economy. As a researcher within the Swiss Leading House GOVPET, she is primarily interested in the governance of skill formation systems and policy transfer initiatives in the field of vocational education and training (VET), aiming to explain their rise. Her research is predominantly theoretical. In addition to her doctoral studies, Linda works as a thematic expert for the Donor Committee for dual VET in development cooperation (DC dVET). Her research interests are, among others, driven by her previous experience working in the field of international development for various organisations, including the German Development Cooperation (GIZ), the International Labour Organization (ILO), and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).

This blog post is based on their paper that won the 2023 Award for Excellent Paper from an Emerging Scholar from the ECPR Standing Group ‘Knowledge Politics and Policies’. The award was celebrated during the 2024 ECPR General Conference. This was the seventh time this prize was awarded. Previous winners are Anke Reinhardt, Adrienn NyircsákAlexander MitterleJustyna Bandola-GillEmma SabzalievaOlivier Provini and Que Anh Dang.

 

References

Baccaro, L., Blyth, M. and Pontusson, J. (2022) Diminishing Returns: The New Politics of Growth and Stagnation, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Culpepper, P.D. and Finegold, D. (2001). The German Skills Machine: Sustaining Comparative Advantage in a Global Economy. New York, Bergham Books.

Fort, T. C. (2017) ‘Technology and production fragmentation: Domestic versus foreign sourcing’, The Review of Economic Studies, 84, 650–687.

Hassel, A. and Palier, B. (2021). Growth and Welfare in Advanced Capitalist Economies: How Have Growth Regimes Evolved?, Oxford, Oxford University Press.

Herrigel, G. (2015) ‘Globalization and the German industrial production model’, Journal for Labour Market Research, 48, 133–149.

Herrigel, G., Voskamp, U. and Wittke, V. (2017) ‘Einleitung: Globale Qualitätsproduktion – Annäherung an ein neues Muster transnationaler Produktion’. In Herrigel, G., Voskamp, U. and Wittke, V. (eds) Globale Qualitätsproduktion Transnationale Produktionssysteme in der Automobilzulieferindustrie und im Maschinenbau, Frankfurt am Main, Campus.

Li, J. and Pilz, M. (2023) ‘International transfer of vocational education and training: A literature review’, Journal of Vocational Education & Training, 75, 185–218.

The post Growing through skills: The integration of transnational dimensions into growth regimes appeared first on Ideas on Europe.

Categories: European Union

Casser le silence

Le Monde Diplomatique - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 15:58
Fréquenter des écrivains fâchés avec les honorables, les respectables, les gagnants d'un monde quelque peu dégoûtant est une émotion vivifiante. Ainsi, découvrir Félix Pyat suscite une certaine admiration tonique, car il fut d'un emportement et d'une obstination devenus rares. Pyat (1810-1889) est un (...) / , , - 2023/01

Black-out dans la péninsule ibérique : l’Espagne cherche un coupable

Euractiv.fr - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 15:56

Le courant a été rétabli au lendemain de la panne d’électricité massive qui a touché la péninsule ibérique et perturbé le quotidien de millions de personnes. Le problème immédiat étant résolu, la recherche du responsable est lancée en Espagne.

The post Black-out dans la péninsule ibérique : l’Espagne cherche un coupable appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Categories: Union européenne

Chalutage de fond dans les aires protégées : des ONG saisissent la Commission européenne

Euractiv.fr - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 15:33

Cinq organisations environnementales ont annoncé, mardi 29 avril, le dépôt d'une plainte auprès de la Commission européenne pour protester contre le chalutage de fond dans des aires marines protégées en France, en Allemagne et en Italie — une technique de pêche jugée « déstructrice ».

The post Chalutage de fond dans les aires protégées : des ONG saisissent la Commission européenne appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Categories: Union européenne

La Bulgarie confiante concernant ses progrès en vue de l’adhésion à la zone euro

Euractiv.fr - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 15:10

La Bulgarie, en plein préparatifs pour rejoindre la zone euro d'ici 2026, s'attend à une évaluation positive de la part de la Commission européenne et de la Banque centrale européenne.

The post La Bulgarie confiante concernant ses progrès en vue de l’adhésion à la zone euro appeared first on Euractiv FR.

Categories: Union européenne

Espagne: six mois après les inondations à Valence, la lente reconstruction d’un territoire meurtri

RFI (Europe) - Tue, 29/04/2025 - 14:57
Six mois après les inondations dévastatrices dans le sud-est de l’Espagne, qui ont fait 235 morts – dont 227 dans la seule région de Valence et toujours trois disparus – la reconstruction avance lentement. À mesure que l’eau s’est retirée, les défis se sont multipliés : réparer les logements, restaurer les souvenirs, aider les plus vulnérables à retrouver un semblant de normalité, et tenter de sauver une agriculture exsangue.
Categories: Union européenne

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